Posto sam sticajem okolnosti prosvetni radnik koji trenutno upravo razvija jedan kurs za lokalne CTE programe u okviru nekog projekta za njihovo Ministarstvo rada i neko ko je slusao na poslediplomskim studijama kurs sefa odseka za Vocational & Career Education, mogu da slobodno tvrdim da ce vam pregled oficijalnih sajtova vezanih za ovu vrstu obrazovanja mnogo vise reci nego nase ovde razmenjivanje nasih subjektivnih misljenja o zadatoj tematici.
Pa evo nekoliko izvora gde mozete lepo iz prve ruke proveriti o cemu se radi.
"For a large part of the 20th century, CTE (formerly vocational education) was a mainstay in the career readiness preparation of the majority of secondary students who entered the labor force directly from high school. Those going on to college were schooled in the academic track and exposed to a more rigorous set of college preparation courses. Vocational majors in secondary school were placed on a track that was more occupationally focused. As greater percentages of high school graduates enrolled in college directly from high school, this dual track system resulted in increasingly negative perceptions of vocational education as programs where students were not adequately prepared for further education at the postsecondary level. Moreover, employers raised their expectations that new job entrants would bring strong basic academic skills, including high school graduates who were firmly grounded in reading, writing and mathematics skills (Levy and Murnane, 2004). "
U.S. Department of Education, Office of Planning, Evaluation and Policy Development, Policy and Program Studies Service, National Assessment of Career and Technical Education Interim Report
Career and Technical Education in the United States: 1990 to 2005 - Statistical Analysis Report
Office of Vocational and Adult Education (OVAE) - Office of Vocational and Adult Education (OVAE) administers, coordinates programs that are related to adult education and literacy, career and technical education, and community colleges.
Association for Career and Technical Education
a odatle:
"
- In the 2010-2011 school year, according to the Office of Vocational and Adult Education, there were 7,494,042 secondary CTE participants, or students who took at least 1 credit of CTE, and 3,020,163 CTE concentrators who took multiple CTE credits in one career pathway.
- CTE is offered at all levels of postsecondary education, including two-year and four-year colleges. In 2005, more than 5,700 postsecondary institutions--90 percent of all Title IV eligible schools--offered career education. In addition, about 3,200 postsecondary institutions awarded certificates that take at least one year but less than two years and more than 2,500 institutions awarded associate degrees and less-than-one-year certificates."
Prosle nedelje sam bila na konferenciji gde su upravo debatovali o razlikama izmedju ovog ovde sistema za tehnicko obrazovanje (ja upravo mislim o tehnickom obrazovanju i pretpostavljam da neko ko je zavrsio nasu visu tehnicku skolu strukovnih studija spada u tu kategoriju - tehnicko lice a ne neku drugu struku). Naime ovde se vodi citava debata oko toga da li im je bio bolji stari sistem ili ovaj sad koji imaju. Oni nemaju drzavni kurikulum da sva pravila vaze za sve drzave i za svaku skolu posebno. Generalno, skolski sistem je pun raznih vrsta skola koje prate razlicite programe, ne definisane uvek direkt iz ministarstva. Obicno se ovim sto danas zovu Career & technical education ili vocational schools bavi direktno industrija ili community (sira drustvena zajednica koja otvara edukacione programe na osnovu potreba uslovljenim lokacijom skole). Univerzitete ili im finansira drzava ili su privatni biznisi i imaju drugacija pravila ponasanja. Broj diploma sa fakulteta je u disproporciji sa otvorenim datim radnim mestima oko lokacije univerziteta. A za njihove community college programe vazi sasvim druga prica. Formiraju se i rasformiravaju na osnovu potreba. Tipa, ako se zatvori neka fabrika i ne treba im zilion CNC operatera, transformisace taj program u npr. PLC programere ako je potreba u lokalnim fabrikama za tim profilom. U svetu tehnickih nauka ovde rec tehnicar je obicno neko sa 2 godine obrazovanja nakon srednje skole. Ako uzmu te CTE kurseve u srednjoj, oni se kvalifikuju da upadnu na neke Apprenticeship programe tipa da idu da uce da budu zavarivaci, neki operateri, glodaci, strugari i slicno. A ti programi su obicno u okviru fabrike ili kursevi na community college-ima. Bas pre dva meseca smo pravili neki predlog projekta da drzimo neke osnove elektrotehnike ovde jednoj fabrici koja przi i pakuje kafu. Trebalo im je jako puno casova, pet nekih kurseva slicnih community college nivou. Pregovarasmo, pregovarasmo i na kraju ce oni ipak da odu na community college za tu obuku jer je kod nas malo rigidnija situacija tice sto se kurseva i broja sati nedeljno i u toku semestra tice.